ADVERB OF MANNER

Adverbs of manner are the largest group of adverbs. Most adverbs of manner are closely related to corresponding adjectives.
( Kebanyakan adverb of manner dibentuk dari kata sifat.)
Although some words can be used as either adjectives or adverbs, in most cases, adverbs of manner are formed by adding ly to the corresponding adjectives.
(Meskipun ada beberapa kata bisa digunakan sebagai kata sifat atau kata keterangan, Kata keterangan cara melakukan sesuatu dibentuk dengan menambahkan akhiran -ly pada kata sifat.)
In most cases, ly is simply added to the positive form of the adjective. For example:
(Sebagian besar akhiran -ly langsung bisa ditambahkan ke kata sifat) Contohnya:

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Bad Buruk/jelek) Badly (dengan buruk/jelek)
Complete(lengkap) Completely(dengan lengkap)
Normal(normal/biasa) Normally(Dengan normal/biasa)
Surprising(heran) Surprisingly(dengan sangat mengherankan)

Adjectives ending in le (kata sifat yang berakhiran -le)
When the adjective ends in le preceded by a consonant, the final e is usually changed to y, to form the ly ending.
(Ketika kata sifat berakhiran -le dan sebelim -le adalah huruf konsonan, akhiran -e biasanya diubah y kemudian ditambah ly) For example:

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Favorable(menyenangkan) Favorably(Menyenangkan)
Humble(sederhana/rendah hati Humbly(dengan rendah hati)
Simple(bersahaja) Simply(dengan bersahaja)

When the adjective ends in le preceded by a vowel, in most cases, ly is simply added to the positive form of the adjective.
(Ketika kata sifat berakhiran -le dan sebelum le adalah huruf vokal, akhiran -ly langsung ditambahkan ke kata sifat) For example:

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Sole(satu-satunya) Solely(semata-mata/melulu)
Agile(tangkas/gesit Agilely(dengan tangkas /gesit)

However, in the case of the adjective whole, the final e is removed before the ending ly is added:
(Tetapi untuk kata sifat whole, akhiran e dihilangkan baru ditambah akhiran -ly)

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Whole(tulus) Wholly(Dengan tulus/sepenuh hati)

Adjectives ending in ic. (Kata sifat yang berakhiran -ic)
However, when the adjective ends in ic, the syllable al is usually added before the ly ending. For example:
(Ketika kata sifat berakhiran -ic, suku kata al biasanya ditambahkan sebelum akhiran -ly)

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Dramatic(dramatis) Dramatically(secara dramatis)
Scientific(ilmiah) Scientifically(secara ilmiah)
Specific(tertentu) Specifically(secara rinci)
Basic(dasar) Basically(pada dasarnya)

Adjectives ending in ll
(Kata sifat yang berakhiran -ll)
When the adjective ends in ll, only y is added. For example:
(Ketika kata sifat berakhiran -ll ,hanya ditambah -y.
Adjective Adverb of Manner
Dull(tumpul/bodoh/membosankan) Dully(dengan bodoh)
Full(penuh/lengkap) Fully(dengan lengkap)
Shrill(nyaring/melengking) Shrilly(dengan nyaring)

Adjectives ending in ue
(Kata sifat yang berakhiran -ue)
When the adjective ends in ue, the final e is usually omitted before the ending ly is added. For example:
(Ketika kata sifat berakhiran -ue, akhiran e dihilangkan baru ditambah -ly.
Adjective Adverb of manner

Due(seharusnya) Duly(sepatutnya)
True(sungguh/benar) Truly(sungguh-sungguh/benar-benar)

Adjectives ending in y
(kata sifat berakhiran y)
When the adjective ends in y preceded by a consonant, the y is usually changed to i before the ending ly is added. For example:
(Ketika kata sifat berakhiran y dan sebelum y diawali konsonan, y diubah dulu jadi i baru ditambah -ly)
Adjective Adverb of Manner
Busy(sibuk) Busily(sibuk)
Easy(mudah) Easily(dengan mudah)
Happy(senang) Happily(dengan senang)

However, in the case of the adjectives shy and sly, ly is simply added to the positive form of the adjective:
Tetapi untuk kata sifat shy dan sly, akhiran -ly langsung ditambahkan ke kata sifat.

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Shy(malu) Shyly(dengan malu-malu)
Sly(lihay/licik) SlylyI(dengan lihai/licik)

However, in the case of the adjective gay, y is changed to i before the ending ly is added:
(tapi untuk kata sifat gay. y diubah dulu jadi i baru ditambah -ly.

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Gay(periang) Gaily(dengan riang)

When the adjective ends in y preceded by a vowel, in most cases, ly is simply added to the positive form of the adjective. For example:
(ketika kata sifat berakhiran y dan didahului huruf vokal langsung ditambah -ly.

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Coy(malu-malu) Coyly
Grey Greyly

Adverb of manner are totaly change.
Kata keterangan cara melakukan sesuatu yang berbeda dengan kata sifatnya)

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Good(baik) Well(dengan baik)

Adjective and adverb of manner have the same form.
(Kata sifat dan kata keterangan cara melakukan sesuatu , mempunyai bentuk yang sama)

Adjective Adverb of Manner
Fast(cepat) Fast(dengan cepat)
Little(sedikit/kecil) Little(sedikit/kecil)
Much(banyak) Much(sangat banyak)
Straight(lueus) Straight(lurus/terus terang)
Early(lekas) Early(pagi-pagi)
First(yang pertama) First(pertama-tama)
Late(terlambat) Late(terlambat)
Long(panjang) long(lama)
Daily(tiap hari) Daily(tiap hari)
Monthly(tiap-tiap bulan) Monthly(tiap bulan)
Low(rendah) Lowdengan rendah)

Adverbs With and Without ly Endings (Kata keterangan dengan/tanpa akhiran -ly.
Adverb Meaning
Hard with effort(dengan usaha)
High opposite low(lawan kata rendah)
Late opposite early(lawan kata pagi-pagi)
Near Opposite far(lawan kata jauh)
Wide opposite narrow(lawan kata sempit)

Hardly scarcely(jarang)
Highly very2 well(dengan baik)
Lately recently(akhir-akhir ini)
Nearly almost(hampir)
Widely commonly(biasanya)